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Explain the last two lines

Can anyone explain the last two lines of the code? I understand what is happening with these lines but I don’t understand “why”? I have checked the python heapq library and as someone else pointed out that the library itself is call _siftdown at the very last line of _siftup. But when I run the code without the _siftdown the following test case fails (this test case is collected from LeetCode):

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