I think what author is trying to say for example in fixed window imagine 5 request per 10 seconds
1 second --- 1 request
.
.
.
6 second - 2nd request
7 second - 3rd
8 second - 4th
9 second - 5th
--
11th
Here on 11th second it will check the the user startime of was 1 second for 1st request which is past 10 second then it will reset to 1 conter and will allow . Now in this situation what if 11th 12th 13 and till 15ht second you get request. If you see that from 6th second to 15th second you got more than 5 request.
ā¦
In sliding window
user 1 : 1s,6s,7s,8s,9,s
when on 11th second comes it will remove from queue all request which is < current - 10sā¦ so you will still have 6s,7s,8s,9s in queue which is >= 5 request in that case it wont allow.